500 Years of Western Paintings
Collections of Tokyo Fuji Art Museum
西方绘画500年
东京富士美术馆馆藏作品展
Constantine’s Marriage
Peter Paul Rubens (1577—1640)
1622
Oil on panel
49 cm × 65 cm
君士坦丁的婚姻
彼得·保罗·鲁本斯 (1577—1640)
1622 年
木板油画
49 厘米 × 65 厘米
In order to draw the lifetime of the mother of French King Louis XIII, Rubens went to Paris in early 1622. After returning from Paris, he immediately started with the new work, which was making a large tapestry themed with the life of Constantine I’
This work is the earliest draft of this series. When making large decorative paintings, Rubens was only responsible for the initial draft and final perfection, and in-between was handled by his assistants. In this sense, the drafts in oil such as this painting are important works reflecting the artistic style of Rubens.
Two wedding ceremonies are depicted in the painting. One is the wedding of the Roman Emperor Constantine I, also known as Constantine the Great, and Fausta, and the other one is the Roman Emperor Licinius and Constantia, the sister of Constantine I. But in fact, the two weddings were held in 307 and 313 respectively.
Rubens put the two weddings in the same scene in order to symbolize the two important weddings, the wedding of Anne of Austria and French King Louis XIII and the wedding of King Felipe IV of Spain and Elisabeth of France, in 1614 with historical heroic deeds. Such technique of echoing the historical figures with modern (herein the 17th century) characters is often adopted in painting.
The painting takes the statues of a woman and a man as the background and puts a small altar, with distinct historical decoration, in front. The two kids in the middle of the picture make this sacred scene full of vitality, with one playing Aulos (an ancient Greek oboe-style instrument) and the other holding a torch, and they are playing the role to connect the two couples.
There is a cow for sacrifice on the left of the painting.
The artist’s conceptions and ideas can be skillfully and rapidly recorded through the oil painting drafts like this one. The talents of Rubens as a great sketch painter are reflected by the dynamic and free brushstrokes, the simple but fascinating colors that make the facial expressions and clothes of the figures more vivid and the composition ingeniously integrating multiple complex elements in those paintings. This work also shows the proficient skills, flexible drawing lines and images full of emotions of Rubens, the mos famous Flemish painter.
鲁本斯为了绘制法国国王路易十三世之母的一生,于1622年初到了巴黎。从巴黎回来后又立刻开始着手新的工作,便是以“君士坦丁一世的一生”为题材的大型挂毯的创作。
这幅作品是这一系列作品中最早的一幅草稿。在创作大型装饰类画作时,鲁本斯只负责最初的草稿和最后的完善,其他基本都交给助手处理。从这层意义来说,类似这幅作品的油画草稿是反映鲁本斯艺术风格的重要作品。
画中绘制了两场婚礼仪式。一场是罗马皇帝君士坦丁大帝和法丝塔的婚礼,另一场罗马皇帝李锡尼和君士坦丁的妹妹君士坦提娅的婚礼。但实际上两场婚礼是分别在307年和313年举行的。
鲁本斯之所以将两场婚礼画在同一个场景中,是为了用历史上的英雄事迹来象征1614年的两场重要的婚礼。那就是奥地利的安妮公主和法国国王路易十三世的婚礼,以及西班牙国王菲利普四世和法国伊丽莎白公主的婚礼。
这种将历史人物与现代(这里指17世纪)人物相互呼应的手法,经常被运用在绘画当中。
画中以一组男女雕刻为背景,前面有一个小祭坛,装饰带有明显的历史感。
画面中间的两个孩子令这个神圣的场景充满了活力,一个孩子在吹阿夫洛斯管(古希腊一种双簧管风格的乐器),另一个拿着火炬,两个孩子扮演着将两对夫妻连接起来的角色。
画面左侧有一头用来献祭的牛。
类似这幅作品的草稿式油画,能够将画家的构思和想法巧妙、迅速地记录在画面上,从中能够看出鲁本斯作为一名伟大素描画家的才能。充满动感、自田的笔触,简约但能让人物表情和衣着看上去更加灵动的色调,将多种复杂元素巧妙融入其中的构图。从这幅画中可以看出这位佛兰德斯最著名的画家拥有的熟练技巧、笔下灵动的线条以及充满感情的画面。
这幅作品是这一系列作品中最早的一幅草稿。在创作大型装饰类画作时,鲁本斯只负责最初的草稿和最后的完善,其他基本都交给助手处理。从这层意义来说,类似这幅作品的油画草稿是反映鲁本斯艺术风格的重要作品。
画中绘制了两场婚礼仪式。一场是罗马皇帝君士坦丁大帝和法丝塔的婚礼,另一场罗马皇帝李锡尼和君士坦丁的妹妹君士坦提娅的婚礼。但实际上两场婚礼是分别在307年和313年举行的。
鲁本斯之所以将两场婚礼画在同一个场景中,是为了用历史上的英雄事迹来象征1614年的两场重要的婚礼。那就是奥地利的安妮公主和法国国王路易十三世的婚礼,以及西班牙国王菲利普四世和法国伊丽莎白公主的婚礼。
这种将历史人物与现代(这里指17世纪)人物相互呼应的手法,经常被运用在绘画当中。
画中以一组男女雕刻为背景,前面有一个小祭坛,装饰带有明显的历史感。
画面中间的两个孩子令这个神圣的场景充满了活力,一个孩子在吹阿夫洛斯管(古希腊一种双簧管风格的乐器),另一个拿着火炬,两个孩子扮演着将两对夫妻连接起来的角色。
画面左侧有一头用来献祭的牛。
类似这幅作品的草稿式油画,能够将画家的构思和想法巧妙、迅速地记录在画面上,从中能够看出鲁本斯作为一名伟大素描画家的才能。充满动感、自田的笔触,简约但能让人物表情和衣着看上去更加灵动的色调,将多种复杂元素巧妙融入其中的构图。从这幅画中可以看出这位佛兰德斯最著名的画家拥有的熟练技巧、笔下灵动的线条以及充满感情的画面。
Portrait of a Man
Frans Hals (c. 1581/1585—1666)
1633
Oil on canvas
102.9 cm × 88.9 cm
男子肖像
弗朗斯·哈尔斯 (约 1581/1585—1666)
1633 年
布面油画
102.9 厘米 × 88.9 厘米
Hals is well known for his rough and fast brushstrokes as well as bold and unique painting style. He is best at drawing collective portraits that instantly capture the features of multiple figures. In the 1620s and 1630s, he drew a large number of genre paintings, of which most are portraits for one single person. As represented by his masterpiece The Merry Drinker (c.1628-1630; Rijksmuseum Amsterdam), he adds many new elements that previous portraits don’t have, such as the expressions and gestures of the figures in the paintings as if they are talking friendly to the viewers and the relaxed and free postures. However, at the end of the 1630s, he strengthened his reflective tastes, changing colors to subdued conservative colors.
This work is created by Hals at his peak using the unique technique “alla prima” at the time, which accurately depicts the august appearance of the missionary and shows the free and unrestrained brushstrokes of Hals.
Compared with the thick and elegant portraits drawn by the Rembrandt who was active at the same age, Hals’s works are very real and down-to-earth, from which people seem to feel the breathing of the figures in the paintings. He successfully portrays the psychology and emotions of the people in the paintings. Based on the age of the figure and the year of the painting recorded at the upper right, this man is 73 years old. The color palette based on black which was created in the Netherlands in 17th century and the free and relaxed brushstrokes in this painting seem to foresee the artistic style of Manet, the father of the French Impressionist 200 years later.
哈尔斯因粗犷而有速度感的笔触和大胆、个性的画风而为人熟知,他最擅长的是绘制能够一瞬间抓住多名人物特征的集体肖像画。在17世纪20至
30年代,他绘制了大量的风俗画,其中多数是单人画,就像其代表作《快乐的酒徒》(约1628—1630年,现藏于荷兰国立博物馆)中能看出的一样,他的作品中增添了许多以往肖像画所没有的新元素,例如画中人物的表情和动作,仿佛在向观者搭话,姿势也十分放松、自由。而到了17世纪30年代末期,他的作品又增添了深度,不再使用鲜艳的颜色,变得更为朴实。
本作品是哈尔斯巅峰时期的创作,精准地绘制出传教士威严的外表,使用了这一时期独特的“直接画法”,画中能够看出他自由奔放的笔触。与同时期活跃的画家伦勃朗厚重而高雅的肖像画相比,哈尔斯的作品非常真实且接地气,人们仿佛能感受到画中人物的呼吸,成功地绘制出了画中人的心理与情感。背景右上方记载的是画中人的年龄和绘制年份,从中可以看出,画中的这位老人已经73岁了。这幅作品以黑色为基调,这种风格诞生于17世纪的荷兰,其自由而灵动的笔触似乎预见了 200年后法国印象派之父马奈的艺术风格。
30年代,他绘制了大量的风俗画,其中多数是单人画,就像其代表作《快乐的酒徒》(约1628—1630年,现藏于荷兰国立博物馆)中能看出的一样,他的作品中增添了许多以往肖像画所没有的新元素,例如画中人物的表情和动作,仿佛在向观者搭话,姿势也十分放松、自由。而到了17世纪30年代末期,他的作品又增添了深度,不再使用鲜艳的颜色,变得更为朴实。
本作品是哈尔斯巅峰时期的创作,精准地绘制出传教士威严的外表,使用了这一时期独特的“直接画法”,画中能够看出他自由奔放的笔触。与同时期活跃的画家伦勃朗厚重而高雅的肖像画相比,哈尔斯的作品非常真实且接地气,人们仿佛能感受到画中人物的呼吸,成功地绘制出了画中人的心理与情感。背景右上方记载的是画中人的年龄和绘制年份,从中可以看出,画中的这位老人已经73岁了。这幅作品以黑色为基调,这种风格诞生于17世纪的荷兰,其自由而灵动的笔触似乎预见了 200年后法国印象派之父马奈的艺术风格。
Constantine’s Marriage
Peter Paul Rubens (1577—1640)
1622
Oil on panel
49 cm × 65 cm
君士坦丁的婚姻
彼得·保罗·鲁本斯 (1577—1640)
1622 年
木板油画
49 厘米 × 65 厘米
In order to draw the lifetime of the mother of French King Louis XIII, Rubens went to Paris in early 1622. After returning from Paris, he immediately started with the new work, which was making a large tapestry themed with the life of Constantine I’
This work is the earliest draft of this series. When making large decorative paintings, Rubens was only responsible for the initial draft and final perfection, and in-between was handled by his assistants. In this sense, the drafts in oil such as this painting are important works reflecting the artistic style of Rubens.
Two wedding ceremonies are depicted in the painting. One is the wedding of the Roman Emperor Constantine I, also known as Constantine the Great, and Fausta, and the other one is the Roman Emperor Licinius and Constantia, the sister of Constantine I. But in fact, the two weddings were held in 307 and 313 respectively.
Rubens put the two weddings in the same scene in order to symbolize the two important weddings, the wedding of Anne of Austria and French King Louis XIII and the wedding of King Felipe IV of Spain and Elisabeth of France, in 1614 with historical heroic deeds. Such technique of echoing the historical figures with modern (herein the 17th century) characters is often adopted in painting.
The painting takes the statues of a woman and a man as the background and puts a small altar, with distinct historical decoration, in front. The two kids in the middle of the picture make this sacred scene full of vitality, with one playing Aulos (an ancient Greek oboe-style instrument) and the other holding a torch, and they are playing the role to connect the two couples.
There is a cow for sacrifice on the left of the painting.
The artist’s conceptions and ideas can be skillfully and rapidly recorded through the oil painting drafts like this one. The talents of Rubens as a great sketch painter are reflected by the dynamic and free brushstrokes, the simple but fascinating colors that make the facial expressions and clothes of the figures more vivid and the composition ingeniously integrating multiple complex elements in those paintings. This work also shows the proficient skills, flexible drawing lines and images full of emotions of Rubens, the mos famous Flemish painter.
鲁本斯为了绘制法国国王路易十三世之母的一生,于1622年初到了巴黎。从巴黎回来后又立刻开始着手新的工作,便是以“君士坦丁一世的一生”为题材的大型挂毯的创作。
这幅作品是这一系列作品中最早的一幅草稿。在创作大型装饰类画作时,鲁本斯只负责最初的草稿和最后的完善,其他基本都交给助手处理。从这层意义来说,类似这幅作品的油画草稿是反映鲁本斯艺术风格的重要作品。
画中绘制了两场婚礼仪式。一场是罗马皇帝君士坦丁大帝和法丝塔的婚礼,另一场罗马皇帝李锡尼和君士坦丁的妹妹君士坦提娅的婚礼。但实际上两场婚礼是分别在307年和313年举行的。
鲁本斯之所以将两场婚礼画在同一个场景中,是为了用历史上的英雄事迹来象征1614年的两场重要的婚礼。那就是奥地利的安妮公主和法国国王路易十三世的婚礼,以及西班牙国王菲利普四世和法国伊丽莎白公主的婚礼。
这种将历史人物与现代(这里指17世纪)人物相互呼应的手法,经常被运用在绘画当中。
画中以一组男女雕刻为背景,前面有一个小祭坛,装饰带有明显的历史感。
画面中间的两个孩子令这个神圣的场景充满了活力,一个孩子在吹阿夫洛斯管(古希腊一种双簧管风格的乐器),另一个拿着火炬,两个孩子扮演着将两对夫妻连接起来的角色。
画面左侧有一头用来献祭的牛。
类似这幅作品的草稿式油画,能够将画家的构思和想法巧妙、迅速地记录在画面上,从中能够看出鲁本斯作为一名伟大素描画家的才能。充满动感、自田的笔触,简约但能让人物表情和衣着看上去更加灵动的色调,将多种复杂元素巧妙融入其中的构图。从这幅画中可以看出这位佛兰德斯最著名的画家拥有的熟练技巧、笔下灵动的线条以及充满感情的画面。
这幅作品是这一系列作品中最早的一幅草稿。在创作大型装饰类画作时,鲁本斯只负责最初的草稿和最后的完善,其他基本都交给助手处理。从这层意义来说,类似这幅作品的油画草稿是反映鲁本斯艺术风格的重要作品。
画中绘制了两场婚礼仪式。一场是罗马皇帝君士坦丁大帝和法丝塔的婚礼,另一场罗马皇帝李锡尼和君士坦丁的妹妹君士坦提娅的婚礼。但实际上两场婚礼是分别在307年和313年举行的。
鲁本斯之所以将两场婚礼画在同一个场景中,是为了用历史上的英雄事迹来象征1614年的两场重要的婚礼。那就是奥地利的安妮公主和法国国王路易十三世的婚礼,以及西班牙国王菲利普四世和法国伊丽莎白公主的婚礼。
这种将历史人物与现代(这里指17世纪)人物相互呼应的手法,经常被运用在绘画当中。
画中以一组男女雕刻为背景,前面有一个小祭坛,装饰带有明显的历史感。
画面中间的两个孩子令这个神圣的场景充满了活力,一个孩子在吹阿夫洛斯管(古希腊一种双簧管风格的乐器),另一个拿着火炬,两个孩子扮演着将两对夫妻连接起来的角色。
画面左侧有一头用来献祭的牛。
类似这幅作品的草稿式油画,能够将画家的构思和想法巧妙、迅速地记录在画面上,从中能够看出鲁本斯作为一名伟大素描画家的才能。充满动感、自田的笔触,简约但能让人物表情和衣着看上去更加灵动的色调,将多种复杂元素巧妙融入其中的构图。从这幅画中可以看出这位佛兰德斯最著名的画家拥有的熟练技巧、笔下灵动的线条以及充满感情的画面。
Portrait of a Man
Frans Hals (c. 1581/1585—1666)
1633
Oil on canvas
102.9 cm × 88.9 cm
男子肖像
弗朗斯·哈尔斯 (约 1581/1585—1666)
1633 年
布面油画
102.9 厘米 × 88.9 厘米
Hals is well known for his rough and fast brushstrokes as well as bold and unique painting style. He is best at drawing collective portraits that instantly capture the features of multiple figures. In the 1620s and 1630s, he drew a large number of genre paintings, of which most are portraits for one single person. As represented by his masterpiece The Merry Drinker (c.1628-1630; Rijksmuseum Amsterdam), he adds many new elements that previous portraits don’t have, such as the expressions and gestures of the figures in the paintings as if they are talking friendly to the viewers and the relaxed and free postures. However, at the end of the 1630s, he strengthened his reflective tastes, changing colors to subdued conservative colors.
This work is created by Hals at his peak using the unique technique “alla prima” at the time, which accurately depicts the august appearance of the missionary and shows the free and unrestrained brushstrokes of Hals.
Compared with the thick and elegant portraits drawn by the Rembrandt who was active at the same age, Hals’s works are very real and down-to-earth, from which people seem to feel the breathing of the figures in the paintings. He successfully portrays the psychology and emotions of the people in the paintings. Based on the age of the figure and the year of the painting recorded at the upper right, this man is 73 years old. The color palette based on black which was created in the Netherlands in 17th century and the free and relaxed brushstrokes in this painting seem to foresee the artistic style of Manet, the father of the French Impressionist 200 years later.
哈尔斯因粗犷而有速度感的笔触和大胆、个性的画风而为人熟知,他最擅长的是绘制能够一瞬间抓住多名人物特征的集体肖像画。在17世纪20至
30年代,他绘制了大量的风俗画,其中多数是单人画,就像其代表作《快乐的酒徒》(约1628—1630年,现藏于荷兰国立博物馆)中能看出的一样,他的作品中增添了许多以往肖像画所没有的新元素,例如画中人物的表情和动作,仿佛在向观者搭话,姿势也十分放松、自由。而到了17世纪30年代末期,他的作品又增添了深度,不再使用鲜艳的颜色,变得更为朴实。
本作品是哈尔斯巅峰时期的创作,精准地绘制出传教士威严的外表,使用了这一时期独特的“直接画法”,画中能够看出他自由奔放的笔触。与同时期活跃的画家伦勃朗厚重而高雅的肖像画相比,哈尔斯的作品非常真实且接地气,人们仿佛能感受到画中人物的呼吸,成功地绘制出了画中人的心理与情感。背景右上方记载的是画中人的年龄和绘制年份,从中可以看出,画中的这位老人已经73岁了。这幅作品以黑色为基调,这种风格诞生于17世纪的荷兰,其自由而灵动的笔触似乎预见了 200年后法国印象派之父马奈的艺术风格。
30年代,他绘制了大量的风俗画,其中多数是单人画,就像其代表作《快乐的酒徒》(约1628—1630年,现藏于荷兰国立博物馆)中能看出的一样,他的作品中增添了许多以往肖像画所没有的新元素,例如画中人物的表情和动作,仿佛在向观者搭话,姿势也十分放松、自由。而到了17世纪30年代末期,他的作品又增添了深度,不再使用鲜艳的颜色,变得更为朴实。
本作品是哈尔斯巅峰时期的创作,精准地绘制出传教士威严的外表,使用了这一时期独特的“直接画法”,画中能够看出他自由奔放的笔触。与同时期活跃的画家伦勃朗厚重而高雅的肖像画相比,哈尔斯的作品非常真实且接地气,人们仿佛能感受到画中人物的呼吸,成功地绘制出了画中人的心理与情感。背景右上方记载的是画中人的年龄和绘制年份,从中可以看出,画中的这位老人已经73岁了。这幅作品以黑色为基调,这种风格诞生于17世纪的荷兰,其自由而灵动的笔触似乎预见了 200年后法国印象派之父马奈的艺术风格。